:root {
  --paper: #ffffff;
  --ink: #111111;
  --muted: #5c5c5c;
  --accent: #e10600;
  --font: "Inter Tight", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;
}

*,
*::before,
*::after {
  box-sizing: border-box;
}

html {
  background: var(--paper);
  color: var(--ink);
  font-family: var(--font);
  font-feature-settings: "ss01", "cv11";
  -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased;
  text-rendering: optimizeLegibility;
}

body {
  margin: 0;
  min-height: 100vh;
  background: var(--paper);
}

::selection {
  background: var(--ink);
  color: var(--paper);
}

a {
  color: inherit;
  text-decoration: none;
}

img {
  max-width: 100%;
  height: auto;
  display: block;
}

button,
input,
textarea,
select {
  font: inherit;
  color: inherit;
  background: transparent;
  border: 0;
}

button {
  cursor: pointer;
}

.sr-only {
  position: absolute;
  width: 1px;
  height: 1px;
  padding: 0;
  margin: -1px;
  overflow: hidden;
  clip: rect(0, 0, 0, 0);
  white-space: nowrap;
  border: 0;
}

.shell {
  width: calc(100% - 2.5rem);
  margin-inline: auto;
}

.rule {
  height: 1px;
  background: var(--ink);
  border: 0;
  margin: 0;
}

.label {
  font-size: 0.6875rem;
  letter-spacing: 0.04em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  font-weight: 500;
}

.text-muted { color: var(--muted); }
.text-accent { color: var(--accent); }
.text-ink { color: var(--ink); }
.text-paper { color: var(--paper); }
.hover-accent:hover { color: var(--accent); }
.hover-ink:hover { color: var(--ink); }

.prose-vl {
  font-size: 1.0625rem;
  line-height: 1.55;
  max-width: 42rem;
}

.page-split__content.prose-vl {
  max-width: none;
  width: 100%;
  min-width: 0;
}

.prose-vl p + p { margin-top: 1.1em; }
.prose-vl a {
  text-decoration: underline;
  text-underline-offset: 0.18em;
}
.prose-vl img,
.prose-vl figure {
  margin: 2rem 0;
  width: 100%;
}
.prose-vl h6 {
  font-size: 0.75rem;
  letter-spacing: 0.14em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  font-weight: 500;
  margin: 1.5em 0 0.4em;
}
.prose-vl h6 + h6 { margin-top: 0.4em; }
.prose-vl blockquote {
  margin: 2rem 0;
  padding-left: 1rem;
  border-left: 1px solid var(--ink);
  font-size: 1.35rem;
  letter-spacing: -0.03em;
  line-height: 1.25;
}

.card-media {
  overflow: hidden;
  background: #e6e6e6;
}

.card-media img {
  width: 100%;
  height: 100%;
  object-fit: cover;
}

.card-media-natural img {
  height: auto;
  object-fit: unset;
}

.aspect-4-5 { aspect-ratio: 4 / 5; }
.aspect-3-4 { aspect-ratio: 3 / 4; }
.aspect-16-10 { aspect-ratio: 16 / 10; }
.aspect-4-3 { aspect-ratio: 4 / 3; }
.aspect-square { aspect-ratio: 1; }

.hidden { display: none !important; }

/* Header */
.site-header {
  position: sticky;
  top: 0;
  z-index: 40;
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--ink);
  background: color-mix(in srgb, var(--paper) 90%, transparent);
  backdrop-filter: blur(8px);
}

.site-header__bar {
  display: flex;
  height: 3.5rem;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: space-between;
  gap: 1.5rem;
}

.site-logo {
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 0.625rem;
}

.site-logo img {
  width: 2.5rem;
  height: 2.5rem;
}

.site-nav {
  display: none;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 1.75rem;
}

.site-nav a,
.site-tools a,
.site-tools button {
  font-size: 0.625rem;
}

.site-nav a.is-muted,
.site-tools a {
  color: var(--muted);
}

.site-nav a.is-muted:hover,
.site-tools a:hover {
  color: var(--ink);
}

.site-tools {
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 1.25rem;
}

.index-panel {
  position: fixed;
  inset: 0;
  z-index: 50;
  background: var(--paper);
}

.index-panel__bar {
  display: flex;
  height: 3.5rem;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: space-between;
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--ink);
}

.index-panel__grid {
  display: grid;
  gap: 4rem;
  padding: 3rem 0;
}

.index-search {
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--ink);
  padding-bottom: 0.75rem;
}

.index-search input {
  margin-top: 0.75rem;
  width: 100%;
  font-size: 1.875rem;
  outline: none;
}

.index-search input::placeholder {
  color: color-mix(in srgb, var(--ink) 25%, transparent);
}

.index-links {
  margin-top: 2.5rem;
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  gap: 0.75rem;
}

.index-links a {
  font-size: 1.875rem;
}

.index-links a:hover { color: var(--accent); }

.discipline-list {
  margin: 1.5rem 0 0;
  padding: 0;
  list-style: none;
  columns: 1;
  column-gap: 3rem;
}

.discipline-list li {
  margin-bottom: 0.75rem;
  break-inside: avoid;
}

.discipline-list a {
  display: flex;
  align-items: baseline;
  justify-content: space-between;
  gap: 1rem;
  border-bottom: 1px solid color-mix(in srgb, var(--ink) 20%, transparent);
  padding-bottom: 0.5rem;
}

.discipline-list a:hover { color: var(--accent); }

/* Masthead / archive heads */
.masthead {

  padding: 3rem 0;
}

.masthead--home {
  padding: 2rem 0 2.5rem;
}

.display {
  margin: 0.75rem 0 0;
  max-width: 18ch;
  font-size: clamp(2.8rem, 8vw, 5rem);
  line-height: 0.85;
  font-weight: 500;
}

.display--cover {
  font-size: clamp(3.2rem, 12vw, 9.5rem);
  line-height: 0.8;
}

.display--article {
  font-size: clamp(2.4rem, 6vw, 5rem);
  line-height: 0.92;
  max-width: 18ch;
}

.home-intro {
  margin-top: 2rem;
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  justify-content: space-between;
  gap: 1rem;
  border-top: 1px solid var(--ink);
  padding-top: 1rem;
  font-size: 0.875rem;
}

/* Section head */
.section-head {
  display: flex;
  align-items: flex-end;
  justify-content: space-between;
  gap: 1.5rem;
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--ink);
  padding-bottom: 1rem;
}

.section-head h2 {
  margin: 0.5rem 0 0;
  font-size: 1.35rem;
  line-height: 1.05;
  font-weight: 500;
}

body.home main {
  padding-top: 4rem;
}

/* Hero */
.hero {
  display: grid;
  align-items: end;
  gap: 2rem;
  padding: 2rem 0;
}

.hero__copy {
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  justify-content: flex-end;
}

.hero__meta {
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: space-between;
  gap: 1rem;
}

.hero h1 {
  margin: 1.5rem 0 0;
  font-size: clamp(2.4rem, 5vw, 4.5rem);
  line-height: 0.92;
  font-weight: 500;
}

.hero__excerpt {
  margin: 2rem 0 0;
  max-width: 24rem;
  font-size: 0.975rem;
  line-height: 1.6;
  color: var(--muted);
}

.hero__more {
  margin-top: 2.5rem;
  display: inline-flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 0.75rem;
}

/* Cards */
.card__meta {
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: space-between;
  gap: 0.75rem;
}

.card__body { padding-top: 0.75rem; }

.card h2 {
  margin: 0.5rem 0 0;
  font-size: 1.35rem;
  line-height: 1.05;
  font-weight: 500;
}

.card h2 a:hover { color: var(--accent); }

.card__excerpt {
  margin: 0.75rem 0 0;
  max-width: 36rem;
  font-size: 0.875rem;
  line-height: 1.6;
  color: var(--muted);
  display: -webkit-box;
  -webkit-line-clamp: 2;
  -webkit-box-orient: vertical;
  overflow: hidden;
}

.card--feature .card-media {
  aspect-ratio: 4 / 5;
}

.card--feature h2 {
  margin-top: 0.75rem;
  font-size: 1.875rem;
}

.card--list {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: 7.5rem 1fr;
  gap: 1.25rem;
}

.card--list .card__body {
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  justify-content: center;
  padding-top: 0.25rem;
}

/* Grids */
.grid-issue {
  display: grid;
  gap: 2rem;
  margin-top: 2rem;
}

.grid-3 {
  display: grid;
  gap: 2rem;
}

.grid-4 {
  display: grid;
  gap: 2rem;
}

.grid-archive {
  display: grid;
  align-items: start;
  gap: 2rem 2rem;
  padding: 3rem 0;
}

.list-latest {
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  gap: 2rem;
  margin-top: 2.5rem;
}

.section { padding: 2rem 0; }
.section--issue { padding: 3.5rem 0; }
.section--latest { padding-bottom: 5rem; }

/* Wall */
.wall-grid {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: repeat(2, 1fr);
  gap: 0.5rem;
}

.wall-tile {
  position: relative;
  display: block;
}

.wall-tile span {
  pointer-events: none;
  position: absolute;
  inset-inline: 0;
  bottom: 0;
  background: color-mix(in srgb, var(--ink) 80%, transparent);
  padding: 0.5rem;
  font-size: 0.7rem;
  line-height: 1.25;
  color: var(--paper);
  opacity: 0;
  transition: opacity 200ms;
}

.wall-tile:hover span { opacity: 1; }

.wall-status {
  padding: 1.5rem 0;
  text-align: center;
}

/* Article */
.article-head {
  display: grid;
  gap: 2rem;
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--ink);
  padding: 2.5rem 0;
}

.article-meta {
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  justify-content: flex-end;
  gap: 0.75rem;
  font-size: 0.875rem;
}

.article-meta div {
  display: flex;
  justify-content: space-between;
  gap: 1rem;
  border-bottom: 1px solid color-mix(in srgb, var(--ink) 20%, transparent);
  padding-bottom: 0.5rem;
}

.article-split {
  display: grid;
  align-items: start;
  gap: 2.5rem;
  padding: 2.5rem 0;
}

.article-image {
  position: relative;
}

.article-image img {
  width: 100%;
  height: auto;
}

.related {
  margin-top: 4rem;
  border-top: 1px solid var(--ink);
  padding: 3rem 0;
  background: var(--ink);
  color: var(--paper);
}

.related .text-muted {
  color: color-mix(in srgb, var(--paper) 55%, transparent);
}

.related .text-accent,
.related .card__meta .text-accent {
  color: var(--accent);
}

.related .card__excerpt {
  color: color-mix(in srgb, var(--paper) 55%, transparent);
}

.related .card h2 a:hover {
  color: var(--accent);
}

.related .card-media {
  background: color-mix(in srgb, var(--paper) 12%, transparent);
}

/* Project gallery */
.project-gallery {
  margin-top: 4rem;
  padding: 3rem 0;
  border-top: 1px solid var(--ink);
}

.project-gallery__grid {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: repeat(2, 1fr);
  gap: 0.5rem;
  margin-top: 1.5rem;
}

.project-gallery__item {
  display: block;
  padding: 0;
  margin: 0;
  border: 0;
  background: #e6e6e6;
  cursor: zoom-in;
  overflow: hidden;
  border: 1px solid #e6e6e6;
}

.project-gallery__item img {
  width: 100%;
  height: auto;
  display: block;
  transition: opacity 0.25s ease;
  aspect-ratio: 1 / 1;
}

.project-gallery__item:hover img,
.project-gallery__item:focus-visible img {
  opacity: 0.85;
}

.project-gallery__item:focus-visible {
  outline: 1px solid var(--ink);
  outline-offset: 2px;
}

.vl-lightbox {
  position: fixed;
  inset: 0;
  z-index: 80;
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: center;
  padding: 1.5rem;
  background: color-mix(in srgb, var(--ink) 88%, transparent);
  opacity: 0;
  visibility: hidden;
  transition: opacity 0.2s ease, visibility 0.2s ease;
}

.vl-lightbox.is-open {
  opacity: 1;
  visibility: visible;
}

.vl-lightbox__figure {
  margin: 0;
  max-width: min(1100px, 100%);
  max-height: calc(100vh - 3rem);
}

.vl-lightbox__figure img {
  display: block;
  max-width: 100%;
  max-height: calc(100vh - 3rem);
  width: auto;
  height: auto;
  margin-inline: auto;
  box-shadow: none;
}

.vl-lightbox__close,
.vl-lightbox__nav {
  position: absolute;
  border: 0;
  background: transparent;
  color: var(--paper);
  cursor: pointer;
  font: inherit;
  letter-spacing: 0.04em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  font-size: 0.6875rem;
  font-weight: 500;
  padding: 0.75rem;
}

.vl-lightbox__close {
  top: 0.75rem;
  right: 0.75rem;
}

.vl-lightbox__nav {
  top: 50%;
  transform: translateY(-50%);
}

.vl-lightbox__prev { left: 0.5rem; }
.vl-lightbox__next { right: 0.5rem; }

.vl-lightbox__close:hover,
.vl-lightbox__nav:hover,
.vl-lightbox__close:focus-visible,
.vl-lightbox__nav:focus-visible {
  color: var(--accent);
  outline: none;
}

.vl-lightbox__nav[hidden] {
  display: none;
}

/* Signal single — centered narrow column */
.signal-single {
  padding: 3rem 0 5rem;
}

.signal-single__inner {
  width: calc(100% - 2.5rem);
  max-width: 900px;
  margin-inline: auto;
}

.signal-single__head {
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  gap: 1rem;
  padding-bottom: 2rem;
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--ink);
}

.signal-single__head .display--article {
  max-width: none;
}

.signal-single__lede {
  max-width: none;
  font-size: 1.125rem;
}

.signal-single__meta {
  display: flex;
  flex-wrap: wrap;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: space-between;
  gap: 0.75rem 1.5rem;
}

.signal-single__media {
  margin: 2rem 0 0;
}

.signal-single__body {
  max-width: none;
  margin-top: 2.5rem;
}

.signal-single__back {
  margin: 3rem 0 0;
  padding-top: 2rem;
  border-top: 1px solid var(--ink);
}

.signal-single__back .btn {
  display: inline-block;
}

/* Pagination */
.pager {
  margin-top: 4rem;
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: space-between;
  border-top: 1px solid var(--ink);
  padding-top: 1.25rem;
}

.pager [aria-disabled="true"] {
  pointer-events: none;
  color: color-mix(in srgb, var(--ink) 30%, transparent);
}

/* Pages */
.page-split {
  display: grid;
  gap: 3rem;
  padding: 3rem 0;
}

.form-grid {
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  gap: 2rem;
}

.form-row {
  display: grid;
  gap: 1.5rem;
}

.field {
  display: block;
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--ink);
  padding-bottom: 0.5rem;
}

.field input,
.field select,
.field textarea {
  margin-top: 0.5rem;
  width: 100%;
  outline: none;
}

.form-actions {
  display: flex;
  flex-wrap: wrap;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: space-between;
  gap: 1rem;
}

.btn {
  border: 1px solid var(--ink);
  padding: 0.5rem 1.25rem;
}

.search-box {
  margin-top: 2.5rem;
  max-width: 42rem;
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--ink);
  padding-bottom: 0.75rem;
}

.search-box input {
  width: 100%;
  font-size: 1.875rem;
  outline: none;
}

.search-box input::placeholder {
  color: color-mix(in srgb, var(--ink) 25%, transparent);
}

.search-hit {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: 6rem 1fr;
  gap: 1.25rem;
  border-bottom: 1px solid color-mix(in srgb, var(--ink) 20%, transparent);
  padding-bottom: 1.5rem;
  margin-bottom: 1.5rem;
}

.search-results { }

/* Footer */
.site-footer {
  
  border-top: 1px solid var(--ink);
}

.site-footer__inner { padding: 3.5rem 0; }

.footer-row {
  display: grid;
  gap: 3rem;
}

.footer-row + .footer-row {
  margin-top: 3rem;
  border-top: 1px solid var(--ink);
  padding-top: 3rem;
}

.footer-index {
  margin: 1.25rem 0 0;
  padding: 0;
  list-style: none;
  columns: 1;
  column-gap: 3rem;
  font-size: 0.875rem;
}

.footer-index li {
  margin-bottom: 0.5rem;
  break-inside: avoid;
}

.footer-index a:hover,
.desk-list a:hover { color: var(--accent); }

.desk-list {
  margin: 1.25rem 0 0;
  padding: 0;
  list-style: none;
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  gap: 0.5rem;
  font-size: 0.875rem;
}

.newsletter {
  padding-bottom: 0.5rem;
}

.newsletter input {
  margin-top: 0;
  width: 100%;
  outline: none;
  border: 0;
  background: transparent;
}

.newsletter input::placeholder {
  color: color-mix(in srgb, var(--ink) 30%, transparent);
}

.newsletter-form__row {
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 1rem;
  border-bottom: 1px solid color-mix(in srgb, var(--paper) 35%, transparent);
  padding-bottom: 0.65rem;
}

.newsletter-form__row--footer {
  margin-top: 0.75rem;
  border-bottom-color: var(--ink);
}

.newsletter-form__row input {
  flex: 1;
  min-width: 0;
  border: 0;
  outline: none;
  background: transparent;
  color: inherit;
}

.newsletter-form__row button {
  flex-shrink: 0;
  color: var(--accent);
}

.newsletter-form__row--footer button {
  color: var(--ink);
}

.newsletter-form__row button:hover {
  color: var(--paper);
}

.newsletter-form__row--footer button:hover {
  color: var(--accent);
}

.newsletter-form__row button:disabled {
  opacity: 0.5;
  cursor: wait;
}

.newsletter-form__status {
  margin: 0.75rem 0 0;
  letter-spacing: 0.12em;
}

.newsletter-form__status.is-success { color: var(--accent); }
.newsletter-band .newsletter-form__status.is-success { color: var(--paper); }
.newsletter-form__status.is-error { color: var(--accent); }

.newsletter-band {
  background: var(--ink);
  color: var(--paper);
  margin: 1rem 0 3rem;
  padding: 3.5rem 0;
}

.newsletter-band__inner {
  display: grid;
  gap: 2rem;
  align-items: end;
}

.newsletter-band__copy h2 {
  margin: 0.75rem 0 0;
  max-width: 14ch;
  font-size: clamp(1.75rem, 4vw, 2.75rem);
  line-height: 0.95;
  font-weight: 500;
}

.newsletter-band__copy p:last-child {
  margin: 1.25rem 0 0;
  max-width: 32rem;
  font-size: 0.975rem;
  line-height: 1.55;
  color: color-mix(in srgb, var(--paper) 72%, transparent);
}

.newsletter-band .newsletter-form__row input::placeholder {
  color: color-mix(in srgb, var(--paper) 40%, transparent);
}

.lede {
  margin: 1.5rem 0 0;
  max-width: 20rem;
  font-size: 0.875rem;
  line-height: 1.6;
  color: var(--muted);
}

@media (min-width: 640px) {
  .discipline-list { columns: 2; }
  .footer-index { columns: 2; }
  .grid-archive { grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr; }
  .wall-grid { grid-template-columns: repeat(3, 1fr); }
  .search-hit { grid-template-columns: 8rem 1fr; }
  .project-gallery__grid { grid-template-columns: repeat(3, 1fr); gap: 0.75rem; }
}

@media (min-width: 768px) {
  .site-nav { display: flex; }
  .home-intro { flex-direction: row; align-items: flex-end; }
  .card--feature h2 { font-size: 2.25rem; }
  .card--feature .card-media { aspect-ratio: 3 / 4; }
  .card--list { grid-template-columns: 11rem 1fr; gap: 2rem; }
  .grid-3 { grid-template-columns: repeat(3, 1fr); }
  .grid-4 { grid-template-columns: repeat(2, 1fr); }
  .grid-2 { grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr; }
  .form-row { grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr; }
  .wall-grid { grid-template-columns: repeat(4, 1fr); }
  .masthead--home { padding: 2.5rem 0; }
  .hero { padding: 3rem 0; }
  .newsletter-band__inner {
    grid-template-columns: 1.2fr 1fr;
    gap: 3rem;
  }
  .newsletter-band { padding: 4.5rem 0; }
}

@media (min-width: 1024px) {
  .index-panel__grid { grid-template-columns: repeat(12, 1fr); }
  .index-panel__grid > :first-child { grid-column: span 4; }
  .index-panel__grid > :last-child { grid-column: span 8; }
  .hero { grid-template-columns: repeat(12, 1fr); gap: 2.5rem; }
  .hero__media { grid-column: span 8; }
  .hero__copy {
    grid-column: span 4;
    min-height: 100%;
    border-left: 1px solid var(--ink);
    padding-left: 2rem;
  }
  .hero__media .card-media { aspect-ratio: 16 / 10; }
  .grid-issue { grid-template-columns: repeat(12, 1fr); }
  .grid-issue__lead { grid-column: span 7; }
  .grid-issue__side {
    grid-column: span 5;
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: column;
    gap: 2rem;
  }
  .grid-archive { grid-template-columns: repeat(4, 1fr); }
  .grid-4 { grid-template-columns: repeat(4, 1fr); }
  .project-gallery__grid { grid-template-columns: repeat(4, 1fr); }
  .footer-index { columns: 3; }
  .footer-row { grid-template-columns: repeat(12, 1fr); }
  .footer-brand,
  .footer-desk { grid-column: span 4; }
  .footer-index-wrap,
  .footer-news { grid-column: span 8; }
  .article-head { grid-template-columns: repeat(12, 1fr); }
  .article-head__title { grid-column: span 8; }
  .article-meta {
    grid-column: span 4;
    border-left: 1px solid var(--ink);
    padding-left: 2rem;
  }
  .article-split { grid-template-columns: repeat(12, 1fr); gap: 3rem; }
  .article-split__content { grid-column: span 6; }
  .article-split__content.is-wide { grid-column: span 8; }
  .article-image {
    grid-column: span 6;
    position: sticky;
    top: 5rem;
    display: flex;
    justify-content: flex-end;
  }
  .article-image img {
    width: auto;
    max-width: 100%;
    height: auto;
    max-height: calc(100dvh - 6.5rem);
    object-fit: contain;
  }
  .page-split { grid-template-columns: repeat(12, 1fr); }
  .page-split__intro { grid-column: span 5; }
  .page-split__content,
  .page-split__form { grid-column: span 7; }
  .page-split__title { grid-column: span 6; }
  .page-split__copy {
    grid-column: 8 / span 5;
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: column;
    justify-content: flex-end;
    gap: 2rem;
    font-size: 1.125rem;
  }
  .page-prose { grid-column: 3 / span 8; }
  .interview-body { grid-column: 3 / span 8; }
  .wall-single { grid-template-columns: repeat(12, 1fr); }
  .wall-single__image { grid-column: span 8; }
  .wall-single__copy {
    grid-column: span 4;
    border-left: 1px solid var(--ink);
    padding-left: 2rem;
  }
  .wall-grid { grid-template-columns: repeat(6, 1fr); }
}

@media (prefers-reduced-motion: reduce) {
  * {
    scroll-behavior: auto !important;
    transition: none !important;
  }
}